| Annotated protein: | Leucine-rich repeat transmembrane neuronal protein 4. Gene symbol: LRRTM4. Taxonomy: Mus musculus (Mouse). Uniprot ID: Q80XG9 |
| antibody wiki: | |
| SynGO gene info: | SynGO data @ LRRTM4 |
| Ontology domain: | Cellular Component |
| SynGO term: | synapse (GO:0045202) |
| Synapse type(s): | retina, GABAergic Photoreceptor ribbon synapse |
| Annotated paper: | Sinha R, et al. "LRRTM4: A Novel Regulator of Presynaptic Inhibition and Ribbon Synapse Arrangements of Retinal Bipolar Cells" Neuron. 2020 Mar 18;105(6):1007-1017.e5 PMID:31974009 |
| Figure(s): | Figure 1 |
| Annotation description: | "Text in Results: We found LRRTM4 signal at RBC terminals apposed to VIAAT-positive A17 boutons (Figure 1D). .... LRRTM4 puncta colocalized with GABAAα1R puncta (Figure 1E) at RBC terminals, confirming that LRRTM4 is present at GABAergic synapses." "Figure 1. LRRTM4 Localizes to GABAergic Synapses at Mouse Retinal Rod Bipolar Axon Terminals (A) Schematic of retinal pathways. (B) En face images show LRRTM4 immunofluorescence selectively localized at protein kinase C (PKC)-positive RBC terminals and not at type 6 ON cone BC terminals (white box). RBCs and ON cone BCs both express tdtomato in the Grm6-tdtomato transgenic line. (C) Higher magnification view of RBC and type 6 BC terminals with LRRTM4 immunolabeling. (D) LRRTM4 at RBC terminals (white arrow) is apposed to a VIAAT-immunopositive (green arrow) A17 bouton. (E) LRRTM4 within PKC positive RBC boutons colocalizes with GABAAα1 receptor puncta (arrows, left panel), but not with GABAAα3 receptor puncta (right panel)." 01/02/2021 Dnyanada: The paper shows that LRRTM4 puncta localises with postsynaptic GABAAa1R and lies opposite to presynaptic marker VIAAT (Figure 1D) in GABAergic synapses. However, the light microscopic images do not provide sufficient evidence in favour of "postsynaptic" localisation, and the term "synapse" is chosen. |
| Evidence tracking, Biological System: | Intact tissue |
| Evidence tracking, Protein Targeting: | Antibody (detection) |
| Evidence tracking, Experiment Assay: | Confocal Microscopy (generic) |
| Annotator(s): | Hwajin Jung (ORCID:0000-0001-6194-9648) Eunjoon Kim (ORCID:0000-0001-5518-6584) |
| Lab: | Center for Synaptic Brain Dysfunctions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) and Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea |
| SynGO annotation ID: | 4198 |
| Dataset release (version): | 20231201 |
| View annotation as GO-CAM model: |  |